The intersection of psychology and human rights: Why both matter more than ever

World Human Rights Day, observed every year on 10 December, commemorates the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948. It's a day to reflect on the fundamental rights that belong to all people, regardless of their background, beliefs, or identity. But beyond the principles written into charters and laws, human rights are woven into the fabric of our daily lives, influencing our mental health, sense of dignity, and wellbeing. 

Psychology, a field dedicated to understanding and improving the human condition, plays a vital role in advancing human rights by supporting mental health, combating discrimination, and advocating for marginalised communities. 

Understanding the human impact

At its core, human rights are about protecting human dignity, wellbeing, and freedom — issues that are deeply connected to psychological health and wellbeing. The field of psychology has evolved to not only recognise but also actively address the profound impact of human rights violations on mental health. Traumas caused by violence, persecution, poverty, and discrimination leave lasting psychological scars, influencing people's sense of identity, self-worth, dignity and security.

When human rights are compromised, mental health starts to deteriorate. Studies show that individuals who face oppression, persecution, or discrimination experience significantly higher rates of anxiety, depression, and trauma-related disorders. Consider the psychological impact of forced displacement on refugees or the enduring trauma experienced by survivors of abuse or discrimination. Psychology, with its expertise in addressing trauma, offers tools and interventions that can aid recovery and support resilience.

We are also living through climate and environmental disruption unprecedented in thousands of years, impacting most those who have been least responsible. Climate justice, closely connected with human rights, is vital to address this crisis as outlined in the position statement by the British Psychological Society's Climate and Environment Action Coordinating Group.

Psychology's role in addressing inequality and discrimination

One of the primary ways psychology contributes to human rights is by addressing the underlying causes of inequality, inequity and discrimination. Prejudice, stigma, and systemic biases are social and psychological constructs that can be challenged and changed through awareness, education, and advocacy.

For example, psychologists and mental health professionals are actively engaged in deconstructing harmful stereotypes, challenging implicit biases, promoting inclusive practices and decolonising curriculums in various sectors – from healthcare and education to the criminal justice system. 

Research on social identity, bias, and group behaviour provides valuable insights into why prejudice arises and how it can be mitigated. When psychologists work to shift attitudes and perceptions, they are not only improving social harmony but also upholding the rights of marginalised groups.

Trauma-informed care and human rights

The concept of trauma-informed care, widely adopted in psychology and healthcare, underscores the importance of understanding how trauma affects people's lives and behaviour. Trauma-informed care ensures that support systems acknowledge past traumas, respecting the person's lived experiences rather than solely focusing on symptoms or behaviours. This approach is particularly important in areas where human rights have been historically disregarded, such as for survivors of abuse, war, or systemic racism.

Psychology's emphasis on trauma-informed care aligns closely with human rights principles. It prioritises dignity, compassion, and a person-centred approach, which acknowledges that everyone has a right to safety, understanding, and compassionate care. By advocating for trauma-informed practices in institutions like schools, hospitals, and correctional facilities, psychology contributes to a culture that respects human rights and promotes healing. These concerns are particularly relevant to those seeking asylum and the UK Equality and Human Right's Commission has useful material. 

Psychological wellbeing as a fundamental right

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines mental health as an integral part of overall health, and a fundamental human right. Yet, mental health services remain inaccessible to large portions of the global population, especially in low-income communities and conflict and disaster zones. Here, psychology intersects directly with human rights advocacy, as psychologists and human rights advocates work to increase access to mental healthcare for vulnerable and underserved populations. 

Mental health support should not be a privilege, but a right available to all. Psychologists around the world are increasingly advocating for policies that make mental health services more accessible, affordable, and culturally informed. The global call for mental health as a human right echoes the core belief that everyone deserves the opportunity to live a life of dignity, purpose, and wellbeing. 

This continues to be important in the UK and working on improving access to psychological therapies has been a significant effort in this regard. 

Advocacy and social change

Psychologists are also active in advocacy, using their role as professionals to influence policy and promote positive social change. The BPS, among many other organisations like Psychologists for Social Change, highlight human rights issues within their position statements, explicitly recognising the field's role in addressing injustice and advocating for those affected by social inequalities.

By working with policymakers, providing expert testimony, and conducting research that sheds light on human rights abuses, psychologists are not only advancing knowledge but also advocating for meaningful change. In some cases, they may speak out against policies or practices that perpetuate injustice or harm, aligning with human rights advocates to address the structural factors that create and sustain inequality.

Promoting resilience and empowerment

While psychology often focuses on healing and recovery, it also emphasises resilience and empowerment, especially in communities facing adversity. Community psychology, a field closely aligned with human rights, focuses on empowering communities to address issues that affect their members' wellbeing. Community psychologists often work with grassroots organisations and local leaders to address challenges such as poverty, discrimination, and environmental injustice, helping individuals advocate for their rights and foster sustainable change. Counselling psychology is another branch of psychology that references social justice as one of its key values. 

A shared vision for human rights and psychology

The intersection of psychology and human rights reflects a shared vision: A world where every person can live with dignity, free from fear and oppression, and with access to the support they need to thrive. As we observe World Human Rights Day, it's worth reflecting on the ways psychology can continue to support human rights through healing, empowerment, and advocacy. In a world where inequality and injustice remain persistent challenges, psychology's commitment to understanding and supporting human needs makes it an essential ally in the fight for human rights.

On this Human Rights Day, let us recognise the transformative potential of psychology to not only improve mental health but also uphold the rights, dignity, and wellbeing of all people.

More about the authors

Dr Tony Wainwright is an honorary senior lecturer in the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences at the University of Exeter, a chartered psychologist and a member of the BPS's Human Rights Co-ordinating Group.

Dr Shakiba Moghadam is a lecturer in psychology at Southampton Solent University, a chartered psychologist and chair of the BPS's Human Rights Co-ordinating Group.